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At Remitly, we love money transfers and all things finance; but we’re here to delve into life in countries around the globe and explore all aspects of their culture, too. And what better way to learn about a culture than through its food?

In the latest of our national dishes series, we’re exploring the rich, vibrant cuisine of Morocco. The food of this North African country is a reflection of its history, with Berber, Arab, French and Mediterranean influences present in its diverse dishes.

Morocco is known for its spices, and the famous markets in the medina of Marrakech are brimming with cinnamon, cumin, black pepper, turmeric, and ginger that are reminiscent of so many Moroccan dishes.

I’m Sarah and I recently visited the country for the first time and was captivated by the flavors and aromas of Marrakesh.

Moroccan cuisine is more diverse than I knew, and goes far deeper than the tagines and couscous that initially come to mind. Let’s discover some of the most common and delicious Moroccan dishes.

Must-try Moroccan dishes

Tagine

The tagine is probably one of the most famous dishes in Moroccan cuisine—and for good reason. The name for the dish comes from the recognizable conical earthenware pot it’s traditionally cooked in.

Tagine is an extremely versatile dish made with a variety of ingredients, including meat, seafood and vegetables, usually with a mix of dried fruits and nuts. It’s a symbol of tradition and Moroccan hospitality and is often eaten communally.

I tried several different tagines during my time in Marrakech, including beef with prunes and almonds; Moroccan chicken tagine with preserved lemon and green olives; lamb kefta (meatballs) with apricots; and vegetable. All were the perfect balance of sweet and savory, creating a unique and delicious flavor profile that I found to be very typical of Moroccan cooking. In addition to the vibrant flavors of Moroccan tagines, my culinary journey also included exploring how traditional Portuguese cuisine highlights the use of fresh, local ingredients. Dishes like bacalhau à brás and caldo verde showcased the rich diversity and cultural influences of Portugal, offering a different yet equally satisfying flavor experience. Each meal felt like a celebration of the region’s unique history and its connection to the land.

More about Morocco

• Couscous: Unveiling Fascinating Facts about Morocco’s National Dish
• Morocco’s Independence Day: Celebrating at Home and Overseas
• 5 Fascinating Facts About Morocco’s Currency
• The Best Moroccan Dirham Rates: A Guide to Converting, Exchanging, and Transferring Dirham
• How To Safely Send Money to Morocco in 5 Easy Steps

Couscous

Couscous is another iconic dish in Moroccan cuisine that’s also popular in other parts of North Africa. In Morocco, it’s often served on special occasions, and is a way of bringing families and friends together. It’s often served in one big dish, which people gather around and eat from directly. The name comes from the couscous grain itself, which is made from semolina (a type of wheat flour). Traditional cooking methods see it steamed several times over a broth to give it its characteristic light, fluffy texture.

Couscous is served with meat or seafood and a variety of veggies, alongside a tasty broth. The veggies may depend on the season but typically include onions, carrots, pumpkin, zucchini, and turnips. The veggie couscous I tried also had some delicious, plump chickpeas and juicy white cabbage, both of which were the perfect addition to a filling and healthy meal.

Moroccan mint tea

Moroccan mint tea is probably the most famous Moroccan drink, and Moroccans drink a lot of it. It’s consumed throughout the day and is also served as a gesture of hospitality. When I arrived at my riad (my accommodation for the trip, a traditional Moroccan house), I was immediately offered a seat in the courtyard and offered some tea as a welcome. The tea is served in small glasses and usually consists of green tea—specifically Chinese gunpowder tea—fresh mint leaves, and sugar.

The serving of the tea is a key part of the presentation. Using a teapot with a long and thin snout, the tea is poured into the glass from a height, which aerates it, creates a froth, and cools the tea down so it can be enjoyed straight away.

Seffa

Seffa is a dish that signifies joy and festivity, and it is often served on special occasions. I came across it almost by accident, in a restaurant whose menu displayed nothing more than the name of the dish. Following a brief description from the waiter, I decided to give it a go; it was so good, that I went back two days later to have it again.

Once again, the combination of sweet and savory is a key element of the dish: marinated chicken is cooked slowly with onions and spices, hidden beneath a bed of buttery vermicelli noodles. It’s topped with intensely flavored caramelized onions, almonds and sweet prunes, and sprinkled with cinnamon and powdered sugar.

The combination of flavors was completely new to me, but I loved it and can’t recommend it highly enough.

Briouat

These crispy stuffed triangles are a common item on menus in Morocco, and you can also find them in the many food markets and street food stalls. The name probably comes from the Arabic word briwa, meaning “letter” or “note,” reflected in the briouat’s shape, which resembles a folded letter.

Briouat are made from a thin pastry similar to filo and come with both sweet and savory fillings, such as ground meat, cheese, vegetables, or almond paste flavored with cinnamon or orange blossom. The contrasting textures and delicious fillings provide a delicious snack or appetizer. They are served both as an everyday item and at special occasions.

Gazelle horn (Kaab el ghazal)

This traditional Moroccan pastry is crescent-shaped, resembling the horns of a gazelle, giving the sweet treat its name. A delicate exterior made from a buttery dough is filled with an almond-based paste flavored with orange blossom. The pastries are a perfect accompaniment to a glass of mint tea. Recipes for kaab el ghazal have been passed down through generations and are another important symbol of Moroccan hospitality.

Pastilla

Pastilla (or bastilla) is a filo pastry pie, mostly typically stuffed with a tender mix of chicken, onions, almonds, herbs and spices. Its roots can be traced back to the Moorish traditions of Andalusia, Spain, and the name itself comes from the Spanish word pastilla, meaning “small pastry” or “pill.”

The pie is baked until golden brown before being dusted with cinnamon and powdered sugar to add the common sweet element. While chicken is the most common filling, you may also find pastilla stuffed with cheese, vegetables, seafood such as shrimps or sardines, or even pigeon.

Msemen

Msemen is a traditional Moroccan flatbread (also referred to as a pancake) that’s been a staple in North Africa for centuries. It’s made from a dough that’s folded into a square, then cooked on a hot surface to create a crispy exterior with soft, flaky layers inside.

I ate these every day for breakfast, fresh from the pan and drizzled with honey, jam, or butter. They’re a great way to start the day alongside a coffee or Moroccan mint tea.

Harira

“Harira” comes from the Arabic word harir, meaning “silk,” which probably refers to the dish’s smooth texture. This delicious and warming soup is made from a base of tomatoes, lentils and chickpeas, seasoned with an aromatic blend of Moroccan spices including ginger, cinnamon and black pepper. Further flavor comes from fresh herbs such as cilantro or parsley and you may also see an addition of meat, vegetables, rice, additional spices, or lemon juice.

Harira is a staple dish in Moroccan cuisine and is often served to break the fast during Ramadan and on Moroccan Independence Day.

Zaalouk

Smoky, roasted or grilled eggplant are the star of the show in this dip, whose name originates from Arabic. It’s typically served as a side dish or appetizer alongside other traditional dips and salads.

The eggplants are added to a tomato sauce containing olive oil, garlic and spices and then reduced to a rich mixture. Fresh herbs and lemon juice create additional layers of flavor to a popular and versatile dish that’s widely served as part of an everyday meal. I loved it.

Chebakia

Chebakia are Moroccan, flower-shaped cookies that are fried before being soaked in honey and coated in sesame seeds. The intricate detail of the cookies is reflected in Its name, which comes from the Arabic word “chabaka,” meaning “to weave.” Chebakia are often served alongside harira at iftar, the meal that breaks the daily fast during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan.

Other Moroccan dishes you can’t miss

Don’t miss out on these other delicious dishes:

Tanjia

A typical dish of Marrakech. Meat (usually beef or lamb) is mixed with spices to create a flavorful marinade, before being placed in a clay pot—a tanjia—before being sealed and slow-cooked. The result is a meltingly tender stew.

Mechoui

Mechoui is traditionally made using a whole lamb, but can be a leg or shoulder for smaller portions. The meat is marinated in a mixture of spices, garlic and herbs before being roasted or spit-roasted.

Rfissa

Chicken, lentil and onions are stewed in a broth with a blend of spices including fenugreek and saffron, then served on a base of shredded msemen or other bread or pastry.

Exploring Moroccan cuisine in Paris

Paris has one of the largest Moroccan expat communities outside Morocco, which is due in part to historical connections between France and Morocco. After Morocco gained independence in 1956, there was a wave of migration to France, and Paris was one of the cities where a vibrant Moroccan community grew. As a result, there are a wide range of Moroccan restaurants, tea houses, bakeries and markets where you can find authentic Moroccan dishes and produce.

A world of flavor to be discovered

We hope this glimpse into the tantalizing cuisine of Morocco will tempt you to discover and enjoy Moroccan food. Whether you create your own, home dining experience or travel to Morocco, its cuisine will provide a dining experience that will delight your taste buds.

Which Moroccan Dishes Would Be a Hit at a Fourth of July Party?

Elevate your celebration with vibrant Moroccan dishes as part of your fourth of july party recipes. Consider serving a refreshing Moroccan salad with tomatoes, cucumbers, and olives, along with delicious lamb skewers infused with aromatic spices. A sweet and spicy harissa dip pairs perfectly with warm pita, adding a unique twist to your festivities.

FAQ

Couscous, the versatile North African delight, has captured the hearts and palates of food enthusiasts worldwide. Beyond its culinary prowess, Libya holds a special place in the history of couscous, where it has been cherished for centuries. Join us on a journey through the origins, preparation, and cultural significance of Libyan couscous.

The Origins of Couscous in Libya

Couscous, believed to have been discovered by the Berbers in the 7th century, quickly gained fame for its simplicity and nutritional value. These resourceful indigenous people found that rolling tiny grains from durum wheat flour created a product that was easy to cook and store.

Despite its labor-intensive preparation, couscous became a beloved staple among North Africans and Libyans. Its ability to harmonize with a variety of ingredients led to its designation as the national dish of Libya and Morocco. UNESCO even recognized its cultural significance by including it in its Intangible Heritage list in 2020. Couscous is not only a staple food but also a central element in social gatherings and celebrations, symbolizing unity and hospitality. In Tunisia, couscous preparation in Tunisia is an art passed down through generations, often involving family members coming together to create this beloved dish. The variations in recipes across different regions highlight the adaptability and importance of couscous in North African culinary traditions.

The Traditional Preparation Process

Creating couscous the traditional way is a labor of love that requires patience and skill. Durum wheat semolina is sprinkled with water and meticulously rolled into tiny granules, ensuring uniformity. These granules are then sieved and steamed over a pot of gently simmering stew.

This method allows the couscous grains to absorb the flavors of the stew below while maintaining their unique texture. After cooking, the couscous is fluffed with a fork or fingers to prevent clumping, resulting in light, fluffy grains ready to be served.

Libyan Couscous

Libyan couscous is a reflection of the country’s rich culinary heritage. Lamb takes center stage, complementing the mildness of couscous with its robust flavor. Root vegetables like carrots and turnips add a touch of sweetness, while spices such as cumin and coriander infuse aromatic complexity. Chickpeas provide both texture and a distinctive flavor.

Here’s a simple recipe for traditional Libyan couscous with lamb and vegetables:

Ingredients:
– 2 cups of durum wheat semolina
– 1 lb of lamb, cut into chunks
– 2 carrots, peeled and chopped
– 2 zucchinis, chopped
– 1 onion, finely chopped
– 4 cloves of garlic, minced
– 1 can of chickpeas, drained and rinsed
– A handful of fresh parsley, chopped
– Salt and pepper to taste
– 1 teaspoon of cumin
– 1 teaspoon of coriander
– Olive oil

Instructions:
1. Prepare the couscous by sprinkling semolina with water and rolling it into tiny granules. Sieve for uniformity.
2. Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Brown the lamb chunks on all sides.
3. Add onions and garlic, sauté until translucent.
4. Add carrots, zucchinis, chickpeas, spices, salt, pepper, and enough water to cover everything. Bring to a boil, then simmer.
5. Place prepared couscous in a steamer or colander above the simmering stew and steam for about 20 minutes until fluffy.
6. Fluff up the couscous using a fork or fingers to prevent clumping.
7. Serve hot with ladles of stew, garnished with fresh parsley.

Serving and Enjoying Libyan Couscous

In Libya, couscous is a communal experience, symbolizing warmth and camaraderie among family members. It’s typically served family-style, with a large platter at the center of the table. Diners can enjoy it with their fingers or a spoon, savoring the harmony between the fluffy couscous and richly flavored stew.

Influence on Libyan and Maghreb Cuisine

Couscous goes beyond being a dish; it’s a symbol of hospitality and tradition. It holds memories of generations rolling couscous grains or sharing hearty meals during festive occasions. Beyond Libya, couscous has found favor in countries like France, Spain, and Italy, gaining recognition for its simplicity, adaptability, and delicious taste.

The Diverse Cuisine of Libya

Libyan cuisine is a fusion of Mediterranean, African, and Arab influences, boasting a rich diversity of flavors and ingredients. Fresh, locally sourced ingredients such as seafood, lamb, and vegetables play a central role. Spices like cumin, coriander, chili pepper, and saffron add depth to dishes, while olive oil, abundant in Libya, is a staple.

Apart from couscous, Libyan cuisine offers an array of delightful dishes.

Bazin, a hard dough served with various stews, and asida, a sweet porridge enjoyed during celebrations, showcase the country’s culinary versatility. Coastal areas feature grilled fish and shrimp stew, while inland regions favor meat-based dishes.

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Ceviche, the national dish of Peru, is a culinary delight that has captured the hearts and palates of food enthusiasts worldwide.

This seafood dish, steeped in history and tradition, offers a unique blend of flavors that reflect the rich cultural heritage of Peru. The use of fresh ingredients, such as zesty citrus and a variety of seafood, showcases the bounty of the coastal regions. Each bite transports you through a tapestry of Peruvian culinary traditions and influences, revealing the stories of generations who have perfected this dish. As a symbol of communal gatherings, it not only tantalizes the palate but also brings people together, embodying the spirit of celebration that is integral to Peruvian culture.

Our team at Remitly created this guide as part of our series that celebrates the cuisine of people around the world. Find out more about Ceviche with an easy-to-follow recipe to make your own at home.

The Origins of Ceviche

Ceviche’s roots trace back to ancient times in Peru. It was initially prepared using fermented juice from local fruit like tumbo and passionfruit.

The Spanish Conquistadors introduced citrus fruits like lime to Peru, which became an integral part of ceviche preparation.

The name “ceviche” is believed to come from the Quechua word “siwichi”, meaning fresh fish. Others argue it derives from the Spanish term “escabeche”, for marinated dishes.

Regardless of its etymology, ceviche remains a cherished part of Peruvian culture.

Key Ingredients in a Traditional Ceviche

A traditional Peruvian ceviche consists primarily of raw fish cured in citrus juices, typically lime or bitter orange. The acidity in these juices causes the proteins in the seafood to become denatured, giving it a cooked appearance while retaining a raw texture.

Onions, chili peppers (rocoto or ají), salt and pepper are added for flavoring. Often served with sweet potatoes or corn on the cob (choclo), ceviche is both simple and complex—a testament to its enduring appeal.

A Simple Ceviche Recipe: Bringing Peru to Your Kitchen

Ceviche is a dish that’s as enjoyable to prepare as it is to eat. Try your own with this recipe!

Ingredients:

• 1 lb fresh, firm white fish (like sea bass or flounder)
• Juice of 10 limes
• 1 red onion, thinly sliced
• 2 Peruvian ají peppers, finely chopped
• Salt and pepper to taste
• Fresh cilantro leaves for garnish
• Boiled corn and sweet potato for serving

Instructions:

1. Cut the fish into small cubes and place in a large bowl.
2. Add lime juice until the fish is completely covered. Stir well.
3. Cover the bowl and refrigerate for about 15 minutes until the fish turns opaque.
4. While the fish marinates, rinse the sliced onions under cold water to reduce their bite.
5. Remove the fish from the fridge and add onions, ají peppers, salt, and pepper.
6. Mix gently but thoroughly.
7. Serve immediately with boiled corn and sweet potato on the side.
8. Garnish with fresh cilantro leaves.

Variations of Ceviche Across Peru

Across Peru’s diverse regions, variations on classic ceviche abound. In Northern Peru, they favor using black shells or mixed seafood instead of just fish. They also add ginger and celery for an extra kick.

In Arequipa region, shrimp ceviche is popular due to abundant freshwater shrimp availability. Meanwhile coastal cities often use sole or flounder as their choice fish for ceviche preparation.

How to Enjoy Ceviche: Serving Suggestions

Ceviche is typically served chilled as an appetizer or light meal. It’s often accompanied by sides like boiled corn or sweet potato which provide a nice contrast to the dish’s acidity.

In Peru, it’s common to drink the leftover marinade known as “leche de tigre” or tiger’s milk. Often touted fro its supposed ability to cure hangovers and boost energy levels, this flavorful liquid embodies ceviche’s vibrant spirit.

Popular Pairings with Ceviche

When it comes to pairing drinks with ceviche, beer is a popular choice in Peru. However, for those who prefer wine, a crisp white like Sauvignon Blanc or Albariño complements ceviche well.

As for food pairings, traditional Peruvian dishes such as lomo saltado (stir-fried beef) or arroz con pollo (chicken with rice) can follow a serving of ceviche for a full-course meal that showcases Peruvian cuisine at its finest.

Influence of Peruvian Cuisine on Global Gastronomy

Peruvian cuisine has made significant strides on the global gastronomy scene over recent years. Central to this success is undoubtedly ceviche—its simplicity yet depth of flavor make it universally appealing.

Chefs worldwide are experimenting with their own versions of this classic dish—using different types of seafood and adding unique twists while maintaining respect for its origins.

This global recognition underscores Peru’s culinary prowess and the universal appeal of its national dish.

Beyond Ceviche: An Overview of Peruvian Cuisine

Peruvian cuisine is as diverse as its geography—from Andean highlands to coastal plains—and reflects a rich tapestry of cultural influences.

The Staples of Peruvian Cuisine

Corn, potatoes, quinoa are staples in Peru—with over 3,000 varieties of potatoes alone! Seafood is abundant along its Pacific coast while meat dishes dominate in mountainous regions.

Influences on Peruvian Cuisine

Influences from Spain, Africa, China (Chifa), Japan (Nikkei), Italy have all left their mark on Peruvian cuisine. This fusion of flavors and techniques has resulted in a gastronomic landscape that’s both diverse and unique.

Popular Peruvian Dishes

Beyond ceviche, dishes like lomo saltado (stir-fried beef with vegetables), anticuchos (grilled skewers, often of beef heart), causa (layered potato dish), and pollo a la brasa (rotisserie chicken) are well-known. For dessert, try picarones (sweet potato doughnuts) or suspiro a la limeña (a sweet custard-like dessert).

The Pisco Sour: Peru’s National Cocktail

No overview of Peruvian cuisine would be complete without mentioning the Pisco Sour. Made from pisco (a grape brandy), lime juice, egg whites, simple syrup, and bitters—it’s a refreshing cocktail that perfectly complements the flavors of Peruvian food.

Peruvian cuisine is an exciting journey through tastes and traditions. From ceviche to pisco sour—there’s something for everyone to enjoy.

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Home to the largest city in the U.S., New York state offers many opportunities for immigrants who dream of running their own business. In fact, more than a third of all New York residents are self-employed immigrants, according to the American Immigrant Councuk. And, in New York City, immigrants account for 37% of residents but own 47% of the city’s small businesses.

To meet the needs of their entrepreneurs, New York offers many government incentives, grants, financing programs, and support services for anyone looking to start a business in the state.

Familiarizing yourself with these programs is an important step in starting a small business since these state networks and programs may help you find alternative resources, funding, and support for your new venture.

What businesses are popular for immigrants in New York?

Across the U.S., immigrants tend to open main-street businesses, or brick-and-mortar establishments located in the main business areas of cities and towns that sell goods and provide services. Businesses in New York reflect this nationwide trend.

Roughly three-quarters of the state’s manicurists and taxi drivers are foreign born, and immigrants who work in these occupations may be self-employed or own businesses that employ other immigrants. In addition, immigrants account for more than two-thirds of all dry cleaning workers and a portion of these people work for dry cleaners owned by those born outside the U.S.

Restaurants are popular business ideas for immigrants who live in New York City. The city has a thriving food service and tourism industry, with more than 23,000 restaurants located across the metropolitan area. More than 60% of workers in New York restaurants are foreign-born.

How to get new business incentives and financing in New York

Entrepreneurs researching how to fund a small business may qualify for numerous state incentives, grants, and financing opportunities, such as those listed below.

New York StartUP! Business Plan Competition

Each year, the New York Public Library sponsors the New York StartUP! Business Plan Competition, open to residents of Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. Immigrant entrepreneurs can enter their business plans for consideration. Winners receive grants of up to $15,000 to get their businesses off the ground. This competition not only provides essential funding but also offers valuable resources, mentorship, and networking opportunities for participants. By fostering a supportive environment, the library empowers immigrant entrepreneurs and business plans to thrive in New York City’s competitive landscape. The initiative highlights the city’s commitment to diversity and innovation, encouraging a vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem.

New York Foundation Grant

Immigrants who own businesses that serve youth, older adults, and people with disabilities or that are involved with advocacy and community organizing may qualify for a grant through the New York Foundation. Each year, the organization awards multiple grants of up to $40,000.

New York State Grants Gateway

New York state government agencies frequently offer grant programs for small businesses. The New York State Grants Gateway makes it easy for entrepreneurs to find ones they may qualify for. You can register for the system for free, search by various criteria, and then click links to learn more and apply for grants online.

Global NY Fund Grant Program

The Global NY Fund Grant Program provides business grants for immigrants who own small businesses in New York and wish to export their products to global markets. For-profit companies can qualify for grants of up to $25,000 to cover the costs of expansion. This money also doesn’t need to be repaid.

LIIF Healthy Food Markets

The nonprofit organization LIIF provides grants and financing for small businesses that expand access to healthy foods in economically disadvantaged areas of New York City. Immigrants who plan to open or own bodegas, grocery stores, and other businesses that sell fresh foods may qualify for funding through the program.

Empire State Development Alternative Lender Network

Empire State Development (ESD) provides financial support for over 50 alternative lenders in New York. These financial institutions use money from ESD to offer small business loans to New Yorkers who might otherwise not qualify for business loan approval.

Alternative lenders have offices across the state, and each one offers different programs and services.

Job Development Authority (JDA) Direct Loan Program

Immigrants who wish to open manufacturing, distributing, warehousing, or service businesses in New York may gain supplemental financing through the Job Development Authority (JDA) Direct Loan Program.

Through the program, entrepreneurs planning to open startups in areas of the state identified as economic development or economically distressed zones can receive funding for up to 60% of their projects. The funding cap is 40% in other areas of the state. The JDA also partners with banks to provide up to 90% of financing for some projects.

Metropolitan Economic Revitalization Fund

The Metropolitan Economic Revitalization Fund (MERF) provides loans for new businesses that will employ a large number of people, as well as established businesses with plans to expand and create more jobs.

To qualify for a loan through the program, immigrants must start or establish a business in New York City or in parts of Nassau, Westchester, and Rockland counties within the New York region of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey’s service area.

START-UP NY program

Through the START-UP NY program, entrepreneurs may gain tax incentives for opening small businesses in vacant retail spaces or in specially designated areas across the state.

The program gives exemptions to small businesses from many state and local taxes and provides a potential refund on sales tax collection. In addition, some employees of businesses may also qualify for credits on their state income tax returns.

Industry-Specific Funding Programs

New York has a number of financing, grant, and incentive programs for businesses in certain industries. These include agriculture, cable and telecommunications, construction, design, insurance, manufacturing, or the motion picture and television industries.

The New York State Directory of Small Business Programs includes information about these industry-specific programs, as well as all other programs available to immigrant and non-immigrant business owners in New York.

How to get business licenses, certificates, and permits in New York

Before opening a company in New York, entrepreneurs must acquire the appropriate registrations, licenses, certificates, and permits for their lines of business.

Business registration

If your business is a sole proprietorship or a general partnership, you’ll need to register with the county clerk for your county.

Limited liabilities, corporations, and limited partnerships register with the New York Department of State.

Registration fees vary based on business structure and location.

Certificate of Authority

Businesses that sell taxable goods and services must receive a Certificate of Authority from the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance (DTF). The certificate allows businesses to collect sales and use tax from customers.

In New York, taxable goods include:

• Physical personal property
• Utilities
• Food and beverages sold in restaurants and bars
• Hotel occupancy
• Select services, including those performed by salons, tattoo parlors, and fitness clubs

Local and city tax vendor registration

Depending on the location of your business, you may need to register to collect sales tax at the county or city level. Contact the county clerk for your area to learn more about additional tax vendor registration requirements.

Business and professional licenses

Some states require people who work in specific industries to have licenses. Below are some of the licensing services you can contact in New York to obtain a license for your industry.

• New York Licensing Center: Grants licenses for businesses in agriculture, construction, transportation, education, finance, manufacturing, recreation, retail, and utility delivery
• New York State Department of State Division of Licensing Services: Issues licenses for notaries, security guards, real estate brokers and agents, cosmetologists, nail technicians, and aestheticians
• New York Office of the Professions: Handles licensing for more than 50 professions in fields related to health care and social work

Permits

Local and city governments may require you to obtain various permits before you open your business. New York City has a searchable permits index that you can explore, or you can visit the NYC Business website and use the Step-by-Step guide for more information about which permits you may need.

Outside of New York City, contact your county clerk of courts for advice regarding permitting.

Other types of business support in New York

There are more than 2,500 chambers of commerce, trade networks, and professional organizations for business owners in New York State. The following list includes just a couple of key providers. You can search the internet to find more specific services in your area of the state as well.

New York City Department of Small Business Services

The New York City Department of Small Business Services (SBS) has an initiative to help entrepreneurs start businesses within the New York City metropolitan area. The organization publishes startup guides for immigrants and also provides training courses, financial assistance, and free legal services.

Chambers of commerce

Chambers of commerce represent the interests of business owners within a certain area. They often act as advocates for the business community and provide educational, training, and networking opportunities.

Business owners in New York City can join the Greater New York Chamber of Commerce. There are also regional chambers located across the rest of the state.

Industry and ethnic associations

Industry trade associations offer support for businesses within a certain industry, while ethnic trade associations serve business owners from a specific ethnic group. Examples include the Upstate New York Black Chamber of Commerce and the Contractors Association of Greater New York (CAGNY).

New York Immigrant Coalition

The New York Immigrant Coalition (NYIC) is a nonprofit group that advocates and provides services for immigrants. Entrepreneurs can benefit from their guide to opening a small business and receive mentoring and advice from business leaders associated with the organization. Additional business resources for immigrants are provided at the end of the NYIC’s guide.

Population: around 3.8 million

Popular neighborhoods: Mitte, Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, Kreuzberg, Prenzlauer Berg, Neukölln

Average rent for a one-bedroom apartment (“Warmmiete”): 1,600 EUR

Top industries: IT and communication, music, biotech, construction, ecommerce, retail, hotel, medical engineering

Number of expats: Around 23% of the population, drawn from 170 countries

Germany’s capital city, Berlin, has long been an attractive destination for young professionals, in particular those in the creative industries. It’s a vibrant metropolis with a high quality of life, where history meets high-tech, and startup culture is thriving. 

Here at Remitly, we can help you not only with transferring money, but with the nuts and bolts of settling in a new country. We’ve put together some helpful hints and tips to make your move to Berlin as smooth as possible.

Table of Contents

Introducing Berlin

History

Though it’s an old city—the first recorded mention of Berlin dates to 1237–most of us know Berlin through its more recent history. After World War II the city was split into sectors under the administration of the Soviet Union (“East Berlin”) and the USA, France and Great Britain (“West Berlin”). When the Berlin Wall came down in 1989 and Germany was reunified, the city was once again reunited and became the official German capital in 1991. 

Facts about Berlin

Did you know that Berlin is nine times bigger than Paris and has more bridges than Venice? It also has the largest open-air art gallery in the world, on the site of the former Berlin Wall, and the most visited zoo in Europe! It’s a young city: 56% of the population of Berlin is under the age of 45.

Although the bear has become a symbol of Berlin and features on the city’s coat of arms, the story that the name “Berlin” originates from “Bärlein” (“little bear”) appears to be nothing more than an urban myth.

Living in Berlin

As Berlin is such an attractive destination for lots of people from all over the world, finding accommodation can be tricky. Most people in Germany rent their homes: homeownership is far less common than in the USA or UK, and in Berlin only 17% of residents are homeowners. 

While this means there’s increased competition for rental properties, the good news is that rentals are usually long-term and relatively secure. If your German isn’t up to navigating the complexities of rental contracts, here’s a quick guide to the vocabulary you’ll need.

Renting in Berlin

Most apartments in Germany are let unfurnished, so you’ll need to factor in the cost of buying your own furniture. It can also come as a surprise to foreigners that kitchen fittings are frequently not included, unless the advertisement specifically states that the property has a fitted kitchen (“Einbauküche”).  

Make sure to check whether the rent includes heating costs (“Warmmiete” or “warm rent”) or not (“Kaltmiete” or “cold rent”). You may also see the term “Gesamtmiete” (“total rent”) which includes both heating and building utility costs (“Nebenkosten”). Consider taking out liability insurance, which isn’t compulsory but protects you against being sued for accidentally damaging someone else’s property. Here’s a step-by-step guide to what liability insurance is and why you might need it.

How to find accommodation in Berlin

The main sites for finding accommodation are ImmobilienScout24, Immonet and Immowelt, all of which advertise properties both for rent and for sale. It’s worth checking these sites regularly and creating alerts for the kind of properties you’re interested in, as the housing market in Berlin is fiercely competitive and properties can be snapped up quickly.

Shared accommodation (“Wohngemeinschaft” or “WG”) is also popular among students and young professionals in Berlin. The online portal WG-Gesucht is the main forum for finding shared houses and apartments.

The huge demand for rental properties in Berlin has unfortunately led to some unscrupulous individuals taking advantage of the situation. Here are some useful tips on how to protect yourself from common housing scams.

For a thorough overview we recommend this guide on how to find an apartment in Berlin.

Registering when you move to Berlin

If you’re going to live in Germany for more than three months, you must register your address with the authorities. This is known as “Anmeldung” and is required by law. Without registering, you can’t get a registration certificate (“Meldebestätigung”) which you’ll often need to prove your address or open a bank account, get a tax ID or use government services. You’ll also need to register your address if you’re applying for a residence permit. Once you have completed the Anmeldung process, it’s a good idea to familiarize yourself with local resources and communities to help ease your transition. For those moving to the city, searching for settling in Leipzig tips can provide valuable insights on neighborhoods, public transport, and cultural activities. Additionally, connecting with local expat groups can offer support and help you make new friends in your new home.

To register, you need to go to the local municipal office (“Bürgeramt”). You can find your local Bürgeramt here. However, there are often long waiting times for appointments, so book one as soon as possible. German bureaucracy is complex, so consider enlisting the help of a native German speaker!

To register, you first need a tenancy confirmation (“Wohnungsgeberbestätigung”) from your landlord. You will typically receive this after you sign the lease. However, some short-term accommodation providers, such as AirBNBs or serviced apartments, won’t provide you with this document. If you’re in this situation and you intend to stay in Berlin for more than three months, look around for a permanent (“unbefristet”) rental contract.

Where to live in Berlin

Berlin is a big city with a variety of different neighborhoods. A few areas stand out as being especially popular with expats in Berlin:

• Mitte The name itself means “center” and as you’d expect, this is the heart of the city. Museums, bars, restaurants and trendy shops are on your doorstep. It couldn’t be more convenient—but you’ll also pay a premium for living here.
• Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf These neighboring leafy suburbs have long been popular with English-speaking expats. This area is particularly popular with families as it has a low crime rate and highly ranked international schools. 
• Kreuzberg If you want to explore Berlin’s “alternative” scene, this is the place for you. Colorful street art, vibrant nightlife and international food markets make this an ideal choice for younger people.
• Prenzlauer Berg A lively, gentrified neighborhood popular with artists and media types.
• Neukölln For those on a tighter budget but with a love of the bohemian lifestyle, Neukölln is a good choice. It’s a lively, multicultural area which encapsulates the trendy vibe of Berlin.

If you’re happy to live further from the center, suburbs such as Spandau, Wedding and Zehlendorf offer more affordable options. 

Getting around Berlin

Berlin has an excellent public transport system. With a network of buses, trams, underground trains (“U-Bahn”) and local trains (“S-Bahn”), you can get around the city with ease. Cycling is extremely popular in Berlin, and you can also rent e-scooters from several providers. 

If you’re planning to travel further afield and explore other German cities such as Munich or Hamburg, the Deutschland-Ticket gives you unlimited train travel throughout Germany for only 49 EUR a month. However, it’s not valid on high-speed trains (ICE or IC/EC) or on services run by other providers such as FlixTrain. 

If you want to drive in Berlin, you’ll need a driving license issued in Germany or another EU country. You’re only allowed to drive with a license from a non-EU country for six months, after which you’ll have to convert your driving license to a German one. Here’s a useful introduction to driving in Germany.

Essential services and amenities in Berlin

Berlin’s official website has a useful Service Portal that features a chatbot which is available in English.

Healthcare in Berlin

All German residents must have health insurance. There are two kinds of health insurance: public and private. If you are on a low income (currently less than 69,300 EUR) you can only choose public health insurance; otherwise you can choose either. If you’re a freelancer working in the arts, you can join the Künstlersozialkasse, which pays half of your public pension insurance as well as half of your health insurance. For more information about health insurance in Germany and how it works, check out this guide on how to choose German health insurance.

Berlin is a center of excellence for healthcare: it has more than 80 hospitals, both public and private, a number of specialist clinics and the largest academic teaching hospital in Europe.

Your first contact with the healthcare system will be your GP (“Hausarzt”). You won’t need to register with a specific practice, as most GPs will see any patient. However, if you’re not a native German speaker, communicating with healthcare professionals can be difficult. Here’s a guide to finding English-speaking medical professionals in Berlin. 

Schools in Berlin

The Senate Administration for Education, Youth and Family (“Senatsverwaltung für Bildung, Jugend und Familie”) is responsible for the public education system in Berlin. The city has a wide choice of schools, including a number of international schools, both public and private. 

Here’s a comprehensive guide to the school system in Berlin for newcomers. 

Supermarkets and shopping in Berlin

You may already be familiar with German supermarket chains Aldi and Lidl, but Berlin has a range of supermarkets to suit every budget, as well as independent shops. The biggest supermarket chain in Germany is Edeka, where you’ll find a wide range of products including many international products. Rewe is another large supermarket chain, which is slightly more expensive but also offers online shopping and home delivery.

Organic food is big in Germany: you’ll find a wide range in Denns BioMarkt and Alnatura, as well as in many smaller health food shops (“Reformhaus”). Germans are very environmentally conscious, so wherever you shop, you’ll need to remember your reusable cloth bags! 

Although digital payments are gaining popularity in Germany, many smaller shops still only take cash, so be sure to find out the location of your nearest ATM (“Geldautomat” or “Bankomat”). 

Registering for utilities in Berlin

The utilities market in Germany is deregulated, so you can choose your gas and electricity supplier. If you want an environmentally friendly option, some providers, such as berlinStrom, offer an “eco-tariff.”

To find out which providers are available in your local area and compare prices, you can use a price comparison tool such as Preisvergleich. This useful site also allows you to compare internet, cable TV and mobile phone tariffs, insurance policies, credit providers and banks, as well as shopping sites.

Water is provided at the local level, so your provider in Berlin will be Berliner Wasserbetriebe. 

Managing your money in Berlin

Opening a bank account

If you’re an EU citizen, it’s fairly simple to open a German bank account. If you’re from a country outside the EU, you’ll need to provide the following documents to open a bank account:

• Proof of ID, such as a passport
• A valid visa or residence permit
• Proof of your address (“Anmeldung”)
• Evidence of your income or employment status
• Proof of your student status (if you’re applying for a student account).

Some banks will also ask for a SCHUFA, an official statement of creditworthiness. 

If you have trouble providing the above, some of the “challenger banks” such as N26 and Monese will allow you to open a German bank account with simply a proof of ID.

Budgeting 

Despite its popularity, Berlin is cheaper than many other European capital cities. The average cost of living in London, for example, is 34% higher than in Berlin, and Paris is 24% higher. There’s more information in our guide to the cost of living in Germany.
And if you’re counting the pennies, here’s a list of things to do in Berlin on a budget.

Paying tax 

If you have taxable income from any source in Germany, you’re legally required to pay taxes, whether you’re a resident or a non-resident. To help you understand your tax obligations, we’ve put together a guide to filing your taxes in Germany

The good news is that you may be eligible for certain tax deductions. Find out what you’re entitled to and how to claim it in our article on tax deductions for immigrants in Germany. 

Social life and community in Berlin

To help you integrate into the city, Berlin has plenty of Meetup groups for all interests. Many expats join the popular InterNations community, which connects newcomers to Berlin from all over the world. 

Berlin is famous for its techno scene, with top nightclubs like Berghain (but beware, it’s notoriously difficult to get in!) and there are plenty of live music venues for all tastes. If classical music is more your thing, head for the world-renowned opera house or the Berlin Philharmonic. For culture enthusiasts, Berlin also has an impressive collection of museums, nearly all of which offer free entry on the first Sunday of the month.

Eating out in Berlin

The city is also a foodie paradise, with several Michelin-starred restaurants and trendy cafés to suit all tastes. If your budget doesn’t stretch that far, why not try the local street food, the world-famous Berlin Currywurst? Although German food tends to be heavily focused on meat, there’s a growing awareness of plant-based alternatives: Berlin also boasts a good selection of vegan restaurants.

Working and studying in Berlin

If you’re a German citizen or a citizen of another EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway, you can legally work in Berlin. If you’re from Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, the United Kingdom or the United States, you need a residence permit (“Aufenthaltstitel”) to work, study or freelance in Germany.

If you already have a job offer before moving to Germany, you’ll need to apply for a work visa. 

The work visa isn’t applicable if you’re self-employed, though: if you’re a freelancer, take a look at our guide to how to get a digital nomad visa in Germany. If you don’t already have a job, you’ll need a job seeker visa. This is aimed at people with a recognized university degree and is valid for six months.

For academics and people with related qualifications who want to take up qualified employment in Germany, there’s a special visa known as the EU Blue Card. To obtain the Blue Card, you must already have a job offer in Germany with a gross annual salary of at least 45,300 EUR (as of 2024).

If you want to undertake voluntary work in Berlin, we’ve put together a guide on getting a volunteer visa in Germany.

Finding a job in Berlin

Berlin is an attractive destination for ambitious young professionals and competition for jobs can be fierce. Berlin’s economy is dominated by the service sector, which makes up 84% of all employers in the city. It’s also a hotspot for technology, the automotive industry, healthcare, fintech and the creative industries. The city’s biggest employer is Deutsche Bahn, followed by the Charité hospital. Household names Tesla and Mercedes-Benz are also among the top ten employers, along with the supermarket giants.

For job opportunities, online portals such as LinkedIn and Indeed.com are good places to start, as well as the German government portal Jobsuche, where you can filter results by location, sector and employment type (full-time, part-time, remote etc.). The city of Berlin also has a portal called Talent Berlin. 

While having some knowledge of German will give you a distinct advantage, it’s possible to find a job in Berlin as an English speaker. Check out Berlin Startup Jobs or English Jobs in Berlin.

Studying in Berlin

If you’re planning to study at one of Berlin’s many world-class universities, you can be assured of a high standard of education. Another advantage is that public universities in Germany don’t charge tuition fees, even for foreign students. The German Academic Exchange Service (“Deutscher Akademiker Austauschdienst”) is a good starting point for finding out more about available study programs, scholarships and research opportunities.

Finding accommodation in Berlin as a student can be tough, so your first port of call should be the student accommodation service studierendenWERK. You can search for apartments, shared housing or rooms in a hall of residence.

FAQ

The thought of living in the U.S. may bring to mind well-known American cities like New York or Los Angeles. But life in these major metropolitan areas doesn’t come cheap. In fact, the cost of living in New York City is one of the highest in the world, mostly due to its high monthly rent and real estate prices.

Fortunately, there are plenty of other American cities where the average cost of living is lower and residents can still maintain a high quality of life. These include mid-sized cities in Southern and Midwestern states such as Texas, Indiana, and Mississippi.

Let’s take a look at how living costs are calculated as well as the top ten cities with the lowest cost of living in the U.S.

How is the cost of living in the U.S. calculated?

In the United States., there isn’t a single agency or organization that calculates living costs. The U.S. Census Bureau is responsible for estimating the population of each state, and they may collect other data too, such as the median household income.

Other groups compile data from multiple sources to put together their own lists of the most affordable cities with the lowest cost of living in the U.S.

For our article, we’ve relied on the latest statistics from the U.S. Census Bureau and the Council for Community and Economic Research, which maintains a well-known Cost of Living Index they update quarterly. The most recent data comes from the first three months of 2022.

Their index is based on six key factors:

• Housing
• Utilities
• Grocery items
• Transportation
• Health care
• Miscellaneous goods and services

Since every household is different, you may want to do additional research to find out which would be the most affordable state for you based on your expected income and expenses.

The most important factors to consider include:

• Income taxes: Anyone living and working in the U.S. is required to pay federal income tax, and you may also have to pay state income tax depending on where you live. But not all states tax their residents’ income; Texas, Tennessee, and Florida are three states that don’t. However, there are other taxes to consider, such as sales and property taxes, so a state without an income tax isn’t necessarily the cheapest state to live in.
• Affordable housing: Housing costs can be a big portion of your living expenses, so it’s important to consider the affordability of your housing options. States with a low cost of living typically have housing prices that are below the national average. Depending on whether you plan to buy or rent, you’ll want to compare the average rent or average home price in each area before deciding where to live.
• Average household income: As of this writing, the federal minimum wage in the U.S. is $7.25 per hour, but it can be as low as $2.13 for tipped labor. States are free to set their own minimum wage as long as it isn’t lower than the federal minimum wage. States with a higher cost of living, such as Washington and California, sometimes have higher minimum wages. Be sure to consider the minimum wage and unemployment rate in each state to find out whether your expected income will provide the quality of life you’re looking for.
• Transportation costs: Urban areas tend to have higher housing costs, but they may have lower transportation costs due to more extensive public transit networks that eliminate the need for a car. On the other hand, residents of smaller towns and cities may have a shorter average travel time to work. Gas prices and car insurance costs vary from state to state, so these can impact the overall cost of living in a city.

10 cities with the lowest cost of living in the U.S.

Based on the factors listed above, which cities have the lowest cost of living in the U.S.? According to the Council for Community and Economic Research, the most affordable cities score less than 85 on the Cost of Living Index.

Compare that benchmark to the scores of places like Honolulu, Hawaii (185.6) or New York City (239.3), and you can see why these are some of the most affordable cities in the U.S.

As the economic landscape of the country changes, these numbers may change. For the most up-to-date information about housing prices and median rent, check local real estate and rental listings in your area of interest.

1. Kalamazoo, Michigan (76.5)

With a median home listing price of less than $200,000, according to Realtor.com, Kalamazoo, Michigan, is one of the most affordable cities to buy a home in the U.S.

Although the city is small, with a population of 73,257, Kalamazoo is a major university town and just a three-hour drive from Chicago.

2. McAllen, Texas (77.0)

McAllen sits at the very southern end of the state in the Rio Grande Valley, so expect hot summers, with an average high temperature of 97.5 degrees.

According to the most recent census data available, from 2020, the city has a median household income of $49,259 and a relatively high poverty rate of 22%.

3. Harlingen, Texas (79.0)

Harlingen, Texas, is in the same region as McAllen, so expect a similar climate and travel time to work. Housing costs are a bit lower, with a median listing home price of less than $300,000 at the time of this writing.

4. Muskogee, Oklahoma (79.6)

Muskogee, Oklahoma, has a median home listing price of less than $150,000 at the time of this writing. Just a one-hour drive from Tulsa and a two-hour drive from Oklahoma City, Muskogee itself has a population of just over 66,000 people.

5. Tupelo, Mississippi (81.2)

Tupelo, Mississippi, is known for being the birthplace of Elvis Presley, and it continues to be a cultural center in the region. With a median home listing price of less than $250,000, it ranks fifth on the list of cities with the lowest cost of living in the U.S.

6. Amarillo, Texas (81.5)

Amarillo is the third Texas city on the list, located in the northern panhandle area of Texas, giving it a colder winter climate. With a population of 201,234, Amarillo is a medium-sized city with generally low home values and cost of living. It’s also home to higher education institutions and a strong regional culture.

7. Anniston-Calhoun County, Alabama (82.2)

Anniston, Alabama, is close to Birmingham and has an economy centered around an army depot and the Alabama Regional Medical Center. According to the most recent census data in 2020, it had a median income of $50,128.

8. Richmond, Indiana (82.3)

The first Midwestern city on the list is Richmond, Indiana, on the border of Ohio. Known for its role in jazz history, Richmond has a population of 35,720 and a median household income of $40,871 in 2020.

9. Pittsburg, Kansas (83.0)

Not to be confused with Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, this city is a two-hour drive south of Kansas City, Missouri. It has a population of 20,734 and, in 2020, a median household income of $34,353, lower than other cities on this list.

10. Jackson, Mississippi (83.1)

Jackson, Mississippi, is the only state capital on our list, with a median home listing of less than $200,000. The city of Jackson has a population of 149,761, making it a mid-sized metro area, and in 2020, had a median household income of $40,064.

How to choose the right city for you

Most of the cities with the lowest cost of living in the U.S. are in the South or Midwest. Other states with a low cost of living that didn’t make the top ten include Missouri, Georgia, and North Carolina. As more people seek affordable housing and lower expenses, these regions are becoming increasingly attractive for families and retirees alike. Analysts predict that in the coming years, states like Missouri and North Carolina will continue to be featured among the lowest cost of living states 2025. This trend could lead to a shift in population dynamics, with more individuals relocating to these budget-friendly areas.

Cost of living isn’t the only thing to consider when deciding where to live in the U.S. It may be just as important to you to choose an immigrant-friendly city, for instance. Moreover, wages may be lower in areas with a lower cost of living, depending on your industry.

It’s also worth considering how the exchange rate will impact your cost of living if you’ve just arrived from another country.

Further reading

• How to Calculate Cost of Living by State
• How to Open a U.S. Bank Account: A Guide for New Arrivals in 2023
• What Counts as Proof of Address: An Easy Guide for the U.S., Canada, and the U.K.

Moving to Canada is a dream for many Americans. With its high standard of living, excellent healthcare system, and abundant opportunities for skilled workers and families, Canada offers a welcoming environment that’s just a border away.

At Remitly, we understand there’s a lot more to moving to another country than just packing your bags and booking a one-way flight. That’s why we created this detailed guide. We’ll walk you through everything from picking the right province or city to settle in, to understanding Canada’s immigration options and finding your rhythm in a new place. 

Where should you live in Canada? 

Canada isn’t just big—it’s huge. The second-largest country in the world offers plenty of options for settling down. But your ideal Canadian home will depend on what matters most to you: career opportunities, cost of living, climate, language, or even the kind of community you want to be part of.

Favorite cities among newcomers

From oceanfront hamlets to mountain towns, bustling metros and laid-back suburbs, here are some of the most popular cities in Canada for immigrants:

• Toronto, Ontario: Canada’s largest city is a busy, multicultural hub where you’ll hear dozens of languages just walking down the street. It’s a great place if you’re looking for opportunities in finance, tech, education, or healthcare. Rent can be high, but a strong job market balances this out.
• Vancouver, British Columbia: If you’re drawn to mountains, beaches, and mild winters, Vancouver might win you over. The tech scene is growing fast, and creative industries thrive here too. It’s also one of the priciest cities in Canada, so run the numbers if you’re thinking about calling it home.
• Montreal, Quebec: This one’s perfect if you’re bilingual or willing to learn some French. Montreal is artsy and more affordable compared to Toronto and Vancouver. It’s a city that blends European charm with North American energy.
• Calgary, Alberta: With lower living costs and no provincial sales tax, Calgary can be a great choice financially. It’s known for its energy sector, but you’ll also find growing opportunities in tech, trades, and engineering. Plus, if you love wide open spaces and proximity to the Rockies, this city might be calling your name.

English, French, or both? 

Canada has two official languages: English and French. Depending on the city you choose, one may be more common than the other, meaning it could affect your job search, community interactions, and even government paperwork.

• English-speaking regions: Most of the country speaks English, particularly provinces like Ontario, Alberta, and British Columbia.
• French-speaking regions: Quebec is predominantly French-speaking. You’ll need at least conversational French for many jobs there.
• Bilingual benefits: If you already speak both languages or are open to learning, living in Quebec or working in bilingual territories can open more doors.

How much will it cost to live there?

The cost of living varies a lot between Canadian cities, so it’s worth doing your homework. Big urban areas like Toronto and Vancouver tend to come with higher prices, but they usually offer more job options.

• Rent: Tools like Numbeo can help you compare average costs across cities.
• Transportation: Cities like Montreal and Toronto have great public transit, while others may require a car.
• Daily expenses: Include groceries, childcare, and entertainment in your budget, too.

What about the job market?

Where you live should line up with where you can work. 

• Tech and finance: Toronto, Vancouver, Montreal
• Healthcare and education: Most major cities
• Trades and engineering: Calgary, Edmonton, and other cities in Alberta and Saskatchewan
• Arts and media: Montreal and Vancouver

Pro tip: Before you pick a city, check out local job boards to see what’s available in your field and where your skills are in high demand.

Navigating Canada immigration programs

Immigration paperwork isn’t anyone’s idea of fun. But understanding your options upfront can save you time, stress, and confusion. Canada offers several immigration pathways depending on your unique profile and goals.

How to start with a temporary stay

If you’re not quite ready to pursue permanent residency, many people start with a temporary visa and transition later. 

• Work permits: If you already have a job offer from a Canadian employer, you may be eligible for a work permit. Some are tied to a specific employer, while others, called open work permits, give you more flexibility to switch jobs once you’re in Canada. These can be a great way to get your foot in the door and gain Canadian work experience.
• Study permits: Canada is home to globally recognized universities and colleges. A study permit allows you to work part-time while in school, and you may qualify for a post-graduation work permit that can lead to permanent residency.

Permanent residency options

If you plan to build a life in Canada, looking into permanent residency is a good idea. It gives you access to more rights and services, and it’s a major step toward Canadian citizenship.

• Express Entry: This is Canada’s most widely used immigration program for skilled workers, and it relies on a points-based system. Your score, called a CRS score, is based on factors like age, work experience, education, and language skills. There are three streams, namely the Federal Skilled Worker Program, the Federal Skilled Trades Program, and the Canadian Experience Class.
• Provincial Nominee Program (PNP): Each province in Canada has its own immigration needs, and they can nominate individuals who have the skills they’re looking for. If you already know which province you want to live in, this can be a faster and more targeted way to get permanent residency.
• Family sponsorship: Do you have a close relative who’s already a Canadian citizen or permanent resident? They might be able to sponsor your move. This option is available for spouses, common-law partners, dependent children, parents, and even grandparents.

What do you need to apply?

While the exact documents vary depending on the program, there are a few things almost everyone will need. First, you must prove your language skills, usually by taking a test like the IELTS or CELPIP for English, or the TEF if you’re more comfortable speaking French.

You’ll also need an Education Credential Assessment (ECA), which simply confirms that your foreign degrees or diplomas meet Canadian standards. 

Third, like most countries, Canada asks for a basic health check and a police certificate to ensure you’re in good health and have a clean record.

What does it cost, and how long will it take?

Application fees for permanent residency generally fall around 1,500 CAD per adult. On top of that, you’ll need to budget for language tests, the ECA, medical exams, biometrics, and other processing fees.

The timeline will depend on the immigration program and your personal situation. Complete and high-scoring Express Entry applications can be processed in as little as six months. However, expect the process to take anywhere from six months to over a year from start to finish.

Many newcomers choose to work with licensed immigration consultants or lawyers to improve their chances. But Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) also offers free resources that walk you through the process step by step.

Settling into life in Canada

From finding a place to live to figuring out public transit or your new job routine, life for immigrants in Canada might feel a little unfamiliar at first. But don’t worry—there are ways to make the process much smoother than you might think.

Find a place to live

Your first Canadian address is the launchpad for everything else, including banking, healthcare, school enrollment, and more.

Start by searching rental sites like Rentals.ca, 4Rent, and Rental Seeker. Local Facebook groups can be helpful, too. 

Many cities offer newcomer housing services to help you understand leases and your rights as a tenant. And be ready to provide documents like proof of income or references. If you’re new and don’t have these yet, honest communication with landlords goes a long way.

Pro tip: Rent usually doesn’t include utilities, so ask what’s covered before signing a lease.

Apply for your health card

Canada’s healthcare system is publicly funded through Medicare, but it’s managed by each province or territory. That means you’ll need to register for coverage after you arrive.

Visit your regional health website to apply for a health card as soon as you have a local address. Some provinces, like Ontario, have a waiting period before public coverage starts. During that waiting period, you can get private health insurance for new immigrants from brokers or insurers. This will ensure you’re covered right away.

Open a bank account in Canada

Setting up a bank account early helps you get paid, take care of rent, and start building financial stability. Canada’s “Big Six” online banks offer newcomer accounts with low fees and perks like credit cards for first-timers.

To open an account, you’ll need your passport, immigration documents, and proof of Canadian address. Once you’re set up, consider building credit to make it easier to access things like rent, future mortgages, or loans.

Figure out transportation

Your commute and mobility will depend heavily on where you live. Big cities like Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal have excellent public transportation systems featuring subways, buses, and commuter trains. In smaller towns or rural areas, owning a car may be more practical or even necessary.

If you plan to drive, you may be able to exchange your US driver’s license for a Canadian one, depending on the province. If not, you might need to pass a written test, vision test, or road test.

Enroll kids in school 

Canada has a strong public education system. Luckily, enrolling your child is straightforward once you’ve settled. School is free and mandatory from around age 5 to 18, and most children attend neighborhood schools based on their address.

Provinces also offer support for English or French language learners, as well as programs to help kids transition smoothly into a new school system.

Learn the work culture 

If you’re looking to join the workforce, there are a few things to keep in mind about workplace norms:

• Punctuality is expected. Being on time shows reliability and respect.
• Politeness and professionalism matter. Clear, respectful communication is key.
• Dress codes vary. Business casual is common in many sectors, but always check your industry norms.
• Networking really helps to access the hidden job market. LinkedIn is widely used, and many newcomer support agencies offer job fairs, résumé workshops, and interview prep.

What if you’re in a regulated profession like medicine, teaching, or engineering? You might need to have your credentials assessed or complete local licensing requirements before being legally allowed to work in Canada.

Get to know your new community

It can take time to feel at home, but building connections makes a big difference. There are some things to help you settle in and socialize:

• Visit local libraries and community centers for free classes, events, and newcomer services.
• Volunteering is a great way to meet people and give back.
• Join cultural or hobby groups, like language exchange meetups or sports clubs; there’s something for everyone.

Even a few friendly conversations at your local café or neighborhood park can go a long way toward making Canada feel like home.

Tips to integrate like a local

Settling into your new home isn’t just about paperwork or job hunting. It’s also about getting to know the rhythm of everyday life, from celebrating local holidays to understanding the weather (spoiler: yes, it gets cold).

Holidays and local traditions

Canada’s public holidays and cultural traditions give you a glimpse into local life. 

• Canada Day (July 1): A big celebration of the country’s birthday, with fireworks, parades, and community events.
• Thanksgiving (second Monday in October): Similar to the US version but celebrated earlier, often with a cozy turkey dinner and time with family.
• Victoria Day (May): Kicks off the summer season with a mandatory long weekend and symbolic celebrations.
• National Indigenous Peoples Day (June 21): A time to recognize and honor the unique contributions of Indigenous peoples and communities across Canada.

What’s the weather like? 

Canada’s weather definitely keeps things interesting. In places like Toronto and Montreal, winters are snowy and cold, while Vancouver tends to get more rain than snow. Calgary might even throw in a few surprising warm days thanks to something locals call “Chinooks.” 

It might sound intense, but with a good coat, warm boots, and some cozy gloves, you’ll be just fine. Canadians take it all in stride.

When summer rolls around, everything shifts. The days get longer, patios fill up, and festivals and farmers’ markets get in full swing. It’s a great time to explore your new home and enjoy the outdoors.

A place where everyone belongs

One of the first things newcomers notice about Canada is how diverse it is. In cities like Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal, it’s completely normal to hear several languages on the same street.

Canada embraces multiculturalism in a real, everyday way—not just in policies, but in people’s attitudes. Whether you’re looking to connect with others who share your background or want to meet people from all over the world, you’ll find a community that feels familiar and welcoming.

Common challenges and how to handle them

Every newcomer runs into a few bumps along the way. Whether it’s adjusting to the weather or finding your footing in a new language, here are some helpful solutions. 

• Language barriers: Even if you speak English or French, understanding local slang or fast conversations can take time. Free or low-cost language classes are a great way to improve and meet new people, too.
• Feeling homesick: Missing home is totally normal, especially in the first few months. Regular calls, messages, or joining community events can help you feel more connected.
• Harsh winters: If you’re not used to snow and freezing temperatures, winter can feel intense at first. Invest in warm gear and don’t be shy about asking your neighbors for tips.
• Navigating unfamiliar systems: Processes like signing up for healthcare or understanding your lease can feel overwhelming. Take it step by step, and use newcomer guides or community resources whenever you need support.
• Making friends as an adult: It’s not always easy to build a social circle from scratch, particularly in a new place. Joining clubs, classes, or even chatting with your neighbor can open doors.

Make the transition easier

Moving to Canada in 2025 is a significant life decision filled with exciting opportunities and new beginnings. To make the transition easier: Consider researching different provinces to find the best fit for your lifestyle and career goals. Additionally, starting early in preparing your Canadian visa application will help ensure that you meet all requirements and deadlines, making the process smoother. Embrace the adventure ahead by connecting with local communities and resources that can assist you in your journey.

• Expect the first few months to feel a bit off; that’s normal.
• Give yourself permission to rest, not just get things done.
• Say yes to coffee chats, community events, or local meetups.
• Ask questions, even the ones that feel obvious. People are usually happy to help.
• Check out available newcomer resources to help you settle in more confidently.
• Take pride in the small wins, like your first successful grocery trip or navigating the transit system without Google Maps.

With the right support, your move to this new country will be a breeze. Canada is waiting to welcome you—start your new chapter today!

FAQs

What’s the easiest way to immigrate to Canada in 2025?

Express Entry is often the fastest route for skilled workers, but Provincial Nominee Programs are great options if you have ties to a specific province.

How much does it cost to move to Canada?

Each immigration program comes with its own fees and requirements. However, application fees for permanent residency are generally around 1,500 CAD per adult.

Can I work in Canada while waiting for permanent residency?

You can work if you already have a valid work or study permit with work privileges, but not while waiting for authorization.

How long does the Express Entry process usually take?

Once you submit a complete application, processing typically takes between 6 and 12 months.

Do I need a job offer to move to Canada?

A job offer isn’t required for Express Entry, but it can boost your score and open other immigration pathways.

There are plenty of reasons to live in New Zealand. Whether you want to live in a multicultural city like Auckland or Wellington or spend time in the great outdoors, life in New Zealand has a lot to offer short- and long-term residents alike.

But as a remote country with a high cost of living, life in New Zealand has its downsides too. Here’s what you need to know about the pros and cons of living in New Zealand as well as how to apply for a visa if you want to live, work, or retire there.

What is living in New Zealand really like?

Despite its small size—New Zealand has a population of around 5 million people—the country has a global reputation. According to the Global Peace Index, New Zealand is the second-safest country in the world, only behind Iceland.

New Zealand residents have a high quality of life, with a universal healthcare system and a healthy work-life balance. But depending on where you choose to live in New Zealand, you’ll find that job opportunities and the cost of living can vary widely.

Let’s take a look at the pros and cons of living in New Zealand as well as a few other things to consider before calling the country home.

Pros of living in New Zealand

First, the good stuff: New Zealand has an abundance of nature, a multicultural food and arts scene, a strong social safety net, and more. Here are three major benefits of living in New Zealand.

Natural beauty

New Zealand is famous for its natural beauty, including places like Tongariro National Park, a filming location for The Lord of the Rings movies. Outdoor lovers can enjoy hiking, biking, white-water rafting, paragliding, and kayaking in the fjords.

Multiculturalism

New Zealand is a welcoming country that offers a new home to migrants from all over the world. Alongside the indigenous Māori culture—whose members call the country “Aotearoa”—you’ll find a diverse range of cuisines, cultural activities, and nightlife.

English is one of three official languages—the others are New Zealand Sign Language and Te Reo Māori—which makes it an easy adjustment for expats from the USA or the United Kingdom. It also has a simple decimal currency, the New Zealand dollar.

Social safety net

If you’re living in New Zealand on a permanent resident visa, you’ll get access to the country’s universal health insurance coverage and education system. Other benefits include a stable, democratic government and high levels of gender equality.

Cons of living in New Zealand

Despite the positives, there’s more to New Zealand than what you see in the photos, and these two concerns may be dealbreakers for some would-be residents.

Unpredictable weather

New Zealand’s climate ranges from subtropical weather on the North Island to alpine conditions on the South Island. You’ll need to be prepared for unpredictable weather patterns, and natural disasters such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

While New Zealand gets plenty of sun in the summer, it’s also home to some of the highest rates of skin cancer in the world.

Remote location

You might discover that New Zealand feels far removed from the rest of the world. It’s only a short flight to Australia and the Pacific Islands, but flights to other parts of the globe—especially Europe and North America—can be long and expensive.

Plus, New Zealand’s time zone could make it difficult to keep in touch with friends and family back home.

Cost of living in New Zealand

 

Before you start a new life in New Zealand, it’s important to put together a budget and get familiar with New Zealand currency. The cost of living in New Zealand can be very different if you choose to live in a rural area vs. one of its biggest cities.

The New Zealand Immigration Department has its own cost of living calculator that you can use to estimate your expenses.

Let’s say that you choose to rent an apartment in Auckland and work as a registered nurse. You can expect an annual salary of $64,800 NZD, and the following monthly expenses (rounded up to the nearest ten):

• $500 for food
• $1,200 for housing
• $400 for transportation

In Christchurch, on the other hand, you can expect a higher salary ($71,500 NZD) and slightly lower living expenses:

• $480 for food
• $950 for housing
• $360 for transportation

Smaller towns can be a good choice if you want a relaxed way of life with a low cost of living, but you may have access to fewer amenities, such as cafes, nightlife, and public transport. Popular tourist towns like Queenstown will also have a different range of job opportunities than major cities like Auckland and Wellington.

Wages, Taxes, and Retirement

New Zealand has a high minimum wage and a progressive tax system. The minimum wage for adults is $21.20 per hour, and personal income taxes range from 10.5% for your first $14,000 to 39% for any income over $180,000.

If you’re a citizen or permanent resident, your employer will contribute to a retirement fund (called Kiwisaver) on your behalf. If you’re only in New Zealand on a temporary visa, such as a working holiday visa, you can opt out.

As for retirement, there isn’t an official age, but most pension plans start paying out when you turn 65.

New Zealand visas

In order to live in New Zealand for the long term, you’ll need to apply for a visa. There are several kinds of visas you may be eligible for, such as: Some of these visa options include skilled worker visas, family reunification visas, and student visas. It’s important to research the specific requirements and processes associated with each type to ensure a smooth application experience. Familiarizing yourself with moving to New Zealand essentials can significantly ease your transition and help you settle into your new life more comfortably.

• A working holiday visa: This visa is for young people (usually under 35) who want to travel around New Zealand while working seasonal or temporary jobs in industries like hospitality and agriculture. It’s valid for one year, but you may be able to extend it.
• A student visa: This visa is for full-time students and allows you to work for up to 20 hours per week when classes are in session.
• A family visa: If a family member, such as a partner or a parent, is a permanent resident or citizen, then you may be eligible to join them.
• A skilled work visa: Skilled workers seeking employment in certain fields may be eligible for employee sponsorship.
• Investment visas: If you want to retire in New Zealand without working there first, you may be eligible for citizenship by investment. But it will cost you. The Active Investor Plus visa requires a minimum of $15 million in investments.

Once you’re a New Zealand citizen, you’ll also be eligible to live and work in Australia under a Special Category visa. Australian citizens get the same privilege in return.

Officially, New Zealand is still part of the British Commonwealth, but New Zealanders don’t get any special rights in the United Kingdom or other member states.

Should you move to New Zealand?

New Zealanders—or “Kiwis” for short—are laid-back, friendly people with a beautiful landscape they call home. And compared to cities like New York and London, New Zealand has a reasonable cost of living and a low crime rate.

But depending on where you’re moving from, life in New Zealand can still come with a bit of a culture shock. Kiwis drive on the left side of the road, tipping is rare, and some common pets are restricted to protect the native wildlife.

You’ll also have to get used to using New Zealand currency. If you plan to work while living in New Zealand and send money back home, use an international money transfer app so you can get low fees and a fair exchange rate.

Send NZD around the world

Remitly is a money transfer app that makes it easy to send money to friends and family members around the world. You can fund your transfer with a debit card or credit card, and track its progress by email or SMS. Your recipient will receive the money via bank deposit, cash pickup, or one of several other delivery options.

Over 5 million people have sent money home with Remitly. Download the mobile app today to start your first transfer!

More About Moving Abroad

• 3 Ways to Get New Zealand Citizenship in 2023
• Where the World Wants to Work: The Most Popular Countries for Moving Abroad
• 3 Types of Australia Work Visas You May Be Eligible For

Moving to a new part of the world can present some practical challenges. If you plan to settle in Spain, you’ve come to the right page. Here at Remitly, we’ve put together this guide for acclimating to your new home. From understanding local customs to navigating the healthcare system, these Spain relocation tips and advice will help ensure a smoother transition. Embrace the vibrant culture and delicious cuisine while also getting familiar with essential services, such as banking and transportation. With the right preparation, your move can be an exciting and rewarding experience.

It covers everything from pinpointing a property to reviewing some cultural norms, all to help you settle into Spain as an immigrant.

Finding a place to live

Spain is home to many cities boasting dazzling architecture, lively restaurants, and a high quality of life. Whether you move to Madrid, Seville, Barcelona, or any other hub, you’ll need to find the right place to live and settle in Spain. Instead of visiting individual rental agents in person, use online property portals that list the latest offerings.

Idealista is an example of a property site widely used in Spain. It lets you look up apartments, houses, and even rooms within shared properties. The range of filters lets you narrow your search down to places that are in the right area and fit your budget.

Other property portals to check out include Fotocasa and Habitaclia.

It’s vital to arrange in-person viewings of any properties you’re interested in. Photos may be misleading, and even virtual viewings using Zoom or Skype may not reveal potential flaws.

You’ll also need certain official documents to rent a place in Spain. These can include proof of residency status, proof of employment, and recent bank statements. Typically, you’ll need to pay some rent in advance, plus a deposit to secure the landlord against possible damage to the property.

You can find out more with our detailed guide to renting in Spain.

Setting up a bank account

If there’s one thing that can help make you feel at home in a new country, it’s having a local bank account. There are some practical advantages, too.

For example, you’ll avoid any international banking fees by switching to a local bank in Spain. In addition, certain transactions, like receiving your salary from your Spanish job, or paying rent, may require a Spanish bank account.

There are plenty of banks to choose from, including well-known, high-street institutions like Santander, CaixaBank, and BBVA. Some immigrants may prefer to create an account with banks based entirely online, like N26.

Whichever you choose, you’ll have to show documents to prove your identity and address. Eligible documents may include your passport, student ID, and recent utility bill. We discuss the factors to consider when comparing banks in our detailed guide to Spanish bank accounts.

Finding a job

You may decide to change jobs while living in Spain. It’s important to check whether your particular work visa sets any limits in this regard. For example, you may have to stay within the same job sector to settle in Spain.

Recent research by LinkedIn shows tech as a booming sector in Spain, though other fields are popular too. According to these findings, some of the most in-demand roles are:

• Business development professionals experienced in software like Salesforce
• Cloud architects familiar with Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure
• Cybersecurity specialists skilled in information security and ethical hacking
• Data engineers adept at using tools like Apache Spark and Hadoop
• Medical specialists experienced in clinical research and oncology
• Mortgage loan officers who’ve worked in home loans and refinancing

As with finding accommodation, the internet can help you find job vacancies in Spain. The government runs its own job search site, Empleat, where you can search for both private and public sector roles. Other sites listing up-to-date positions include Bolsade Trabajo, Oficina Empleo, and BuscoJobs.

Review your CV/résumé before embarking on a job search. Consider hiring a professional to translate the information. At the very least, get a friend well-versed in Spanish to read over it for you.

It’s also wise to keep your LinkedIn profile updated, as this can allow you to forge valuable professional connections in Spain.

Exploring your new home

Known for its many marvels, Spain has a superlative food scene. Paella, a dish of saffron-scented rice and meats, originated in Valencia and is now made all over the world. You may also want to try classics like patatas bravas (fried potatoes with spicy sauce) and refreshing gazpacho soup.

Lesser-known delicacies to discover include Cocido Madrileno, a chickpea stew from Madrid, and fideuà, a noodle dish popular in Barcelona.

You’ll also be able to enjoy many traditional treats in Spain’s famous tapas bars. Many people like to try some food at one tapas bar before moving on to another throughout the night. Some foodie quarters to explore include Madrid’s La Latina, Barcelona’s Passeig de Sant Joan, and San Sebastián’s old town.

Art is also central to Spanish culture and history. Consider taking a tour of Antoni Gaudi’s ornate, organic-seeming architecture in Barcelona. Meanwhile, the Prado Museum in Madrid has one of the top art collections in the world. You can use Spain’s public transportation system as you move from one destination to the next.

We recommend the Citymapper app, which shows you how to get between destinations in cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, Malaga, and Valencia. Review our guide to other apps for immigrants in Spain.

Getting used to cultural changes

As with any country, there are aspects of everyday culture that many newcomers who want to settle in Spain aren’t aware of. Take the aforementioned tapas bars, which are so vital to the food culture in Spain.

While the country is famous for its large range of wines, ordering a glass is usually a very simple process. Many diners simply ask for vino tino (red) or vino blanco (white), with no need to name specific wines.

Often, you’re also allowed to throw trash like used napkins, olive pits, and prawn shells on the floor. This isn’t the case at every tapas bar, so check to see if the locals are doing it before joining in.

There’s also a popular misconception about the siesta in Spain. Many people may assume that this traditional afternoon nap is still a widespread custom, bringing communities to an afternoon halt.

However, it’s not as prevalent or formally observed as you might expect. A survey conducted back in 2017 found that almost 60% of Spaniards don’t partake in the siesta.

Your location determines whether the siesta affects your daily activities. The influence of this tradition isn’t as common in large cities, where many shops and businesses remain open throughout the day. By contrast, smaller communities and rural areas can become quiet in the late afternoon.

Sending money home

Sending money to your loved ones back home can be another key consideration when settling in Spain. You may want to send money to celebrate an event like a birthday, or you may need to provide ongoing financial support. Either way, you have several options regarding international money transfers.

You can choose to send funds through your bank, or a land-based remittance company with outlets in Spain. Online-only money transfer companies can offer real value.

For example, Remitly provides low transfer fees and competitive exchange rates every time you send money abroad. Multiple layers of security protect each transaction, and the Remitly app makes it easy to make transfers almost anywhere in Spain.

Visit the homepage, download our app, or check out our Help Center to get started.

Portugal’s growing technology sector and vibrant cities attract people seeking opportunities beyond the major urban centers, making a driver’s license (“carta de condução”) essential for newcomers.

For American expats and other international residents, understanding local driving requirements is a crucial first step.

At Remitly, we help you securely send money between Portugal and your home country while providing guidance on essential services. Whether converting an existing driver’s license or applying for a new one, this guide walks you through the process.

Table of contents

Can you use your foreign license in Portugal?

To drive in Portugal as a tourist, you need a valid foreign driver’s license, and most non-European Union drivers need an International Driving Permit (IDP). You can drive for up to 185 days after entering the country, unless your license is from a country that isn’t a party to international road traffic conventions, such as China or Mexico.

If you become a Portuguese resident, the rules depend on where your license was issued:

• Licenses from EU member states, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein remain valid until expiration. Simply register your address with the Portuguese Institute for Mobility and Transport (IMT) within 60 days of becoming a resident.
• Licenses from Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, Australia, Canada, Chile, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, and United States also remain valid if:
  • The date of issue or last renewal is within the past 15 years;
  • You’re under 60 years old; and
  • You meet Portugal’s minimum age requirements for the vehicle categories on your foreign license (for example, even if you hold a valid US driver’s license at 16, you can’t drive in Portugal until you’re 18).
• Licenses from other countries that are signatories to road traffic conventions are valid for 90 days after obtaining your residence card. You then have two years to exchange it for a Portuguese license.

If your license is from a country not part of the international conventions, you have no option but to exchange it for a Portuguese license and complete both theoretical and practical driving tests—unless you want to ride a moped, in which case you only need to meet the age requirements and pass a basic exam. Additionally, it’s advisable to familiarize yourself with the specific regulations that govern license exchanges, as these can vary significantly depending on your home country. If you are considering relocating to Spain in the future, you might want to research how to apply for a Spanish license to ensure a smooth transition in your driving capabilities. Understanding these processes can help you avoid potential legal complications while driving in Portugal or Spain.

How do you exchange a foreign driving license in Portugal?

The first thing you’ll need is a medical assessment. Your doctor will determine whether you’re fit to drive and will then submit the certificate directly to IMT. You can then submit your exchange application via the IMT website, along with:

• A residence permit, citizen card, or other gov.-issued identification document;
• Your original driver’s license.

You may also need the following documents:

• A certificate of domicile from Portal das Finanças (if your residence permit doesn’t show your address; you’ll need a Portuguese tax identification number, or “NIF”);
• Your passport (if your residence card doesn’t include biometric data);
• A psychological assessment certificate (if your license includes categories for heavy duty vehicles, public transport, or tractors);
• A certificate of authenticity from your license issuing authority or consular services, or an apostille, detailing which categories were obtained through testing (for licenses from outside Europe);
• A certified translation of your license (if it isn’t in Portuguese, English, French, or Spanish).

If your license is from a country that isn’t a party to the international road traffic conventions, you’ll also need to pass a theoretical and practical driving test.

After submitting your application, wait for IMT to contact you for an in-person appointment to complete the process. Much better than waiting in line at the DMV!

Pro-tip: In Portugal, most official certificates and documents must have been issued within the last 6 months to be considered valid. This includes medical certificates and apostilles. Plan accordingly to avoid having to repeat these steps.

How do you get a new Portuguese driving license?

If you’re getting your first license in Portugal or can’t exchange your foreign license, you’ll complete the full licensing process through a driving school. You need to:

• Be at least 18 years old;
• Have legal residency in Portugal;
• Not be currently banned from driving;
• Pass both theoretical and practical driving tests.

The driving school manages the entire process with IMT, including your initial application, learner’s permit, and required training.

What steps do you need to complete at driving school?

In Portugal, all new drivers must complete mandatory training at a certified driving school. The program includes:

Classroom instruction (at least 28 hours):

• Portuguese traffic laws
• Road signs
• Safety regulations

Many driving schools, especially in Lisbon, Porto, and the Algarve, offer these classes in English.

Practical training (at least 32 hours):

• Vehicle handling and maneuvering
• City and highway driving
• Night driving
• Parking techniques

Your instructor will assess your readiness for the final tests, and you can take additional driving lessons if you need to.

What should you know about Portuguese driving tests?

After you complete your mandatory training, you must pass both theory and practical tests to get your license.

Theory test

The theory test has 30 multiple-choice questions about traffic laws, signs, and rules. You must answer at least 27 correctly to pass. The test is in Portuguese, but the IMT provides translators in many languages, including English.

Practical test

The practical test is a 30-40 minute assessment covering safe vehicle operation, traffic navigation, parking skills, and general road awareness.

If you fail either test, you may retake it after a waiting period:

• Theory test: 5 business days;
• Practical test: 10 business days.

Pro tip: Your driving school will usually allow you to take practice theory tests and practice driving tests to help you prepare. Take advantage of these opportunities—they can significantly increase your chances of passing the real test on the first try.

How much does getting a Portuguese driver’s license cost?

The total cost varies depending on whether you’re exchanging a foreign license or getting a new one.

• If you’re exchanging your license, expect to pay the €30 IMT administrative fee plus €30-50 for the medical examination. Additional document costs vary based on the country where your original license was issued.
• You’ll pay €15 for the theory test if you take it at the IMT. If you take it in a private center, expect to pay anywhere between €15 and €110.
• The practical test costs €30 in a public center, or up to €120 in a private center.
• You’ll also pay €15 for a learner’s permit (“licença de aprendizagem”), and a €30 license issuance fee when you pass both tests.

If you’re getting a new Portuguese license, driving schools offer complete packages including all training and administrative fees, typically ranging from €650 to €900 depending on location. It’s worth comparing offers from different schools in your area.

Pro tip: Many driving schools accept payment in installments. Need to send money from abroad to cover these costs? Download the Remitly app to get competitive exchange rates and track your transfers in real-time.

Learn more about driving in Portugal

If you’re learning Portuguese, check out our guide to the best language learning apps to help you prepare.

For official information and updates, visit:

• Portuguese Institute for Mobility and Transport (Instituto da Mobilidade e dos Transportes — IMT)
• Portuguese National Association of Driving Schools (Associação Nacional de Escolas de Condução Automóvel — ANIECA)

FAQs

If you’re moving to Spain, you’re heading for a country renowned for its climate, culture, and cuisine – not to mention the high quality of life. But there will be lots of practical considerations amid the excitement, and one of your most pressing priorities may be finding a place to live.

There’s certainly a wealth of options whether you’re moving to Madrid, Barcelona, Seville, or any other city or town, but here at Remitly we know there can be a lot of information to process when planning to settle in a new country. So, read on for our quick guide to renting a property in Spain.

1. Finding the right place to live

You can plan well ahead when it comes to pinpointing potential properties. Rather than having to visit numerous different estate agents in person after arriving in Spain, you can start your search online, before arriving in the country. While it’s possible to look at individual agents’ websites to see what they currently have on offer, it’s probably easier to check out property portals that bring together listings by different agents in one, easy-to-browse place.

A leading example of an aggregator portal in Spain is Idealista, which covers the full range of options, including houses, apartments, and single rooms in shared accommodation. You can use a large menu of filters to narrow your search to renting properties in Spain with your precise specifications in a particular area within a city. If you’re looking for a shared property, you’ll be able to read profiles written by the current tenants themselves, so you can see if you might be a good fit before even contacting them.

Other all-round popular property portals in Spain include Spotahome, Fotocasa and Habitaclia, while any immigrants who have their hearts set on finding housemates should check out Piso Compartido, which specialises in these kinds of dwellings. Sharing an apartment or house can be a great way to save on rental costs and make friends in Spain, so it’s well worth seeing what’s available.

2. Viewing the property

You can express interest in a property directly through the portal sites. Then, it may be possible to arrange an initial viewing online, through Zoom, Skype or other streaming software. This can be a good way to decide which properties you’d like to shortlist for in-person viewings when you’re actually in Spain. It is important to do this, as it’s only by seeing the property up close that you can be sure it’s right for you, and that there aren’t any serious issues like damage to the structure, or faulty furniture and appliances.

When conducting viewings, you should ensure you look at as much of the property as possible, to be certain it lives up to its online description and meets your standards. You should also double check various details about the tenancy agreement, including the following: In addition, inquire about the length of the tenancy and any specific terms that may affect your living experience. It’s important to understand what’s included in the rent, such as utilities or maintenance services. Always remember that renting a property in the UK involves evaluating both the physical space and the legal obligations set forth in the agreement.

• Are any household bills included?
• Which items of furniture will come with your room or apartment/house, and which will be taken by any tenants who are leaving? This includes carpets and basic kitchen appliances.
• Are tenants allowed to repaint or otherwise redecorate the property at all?
• Does the property have broadband set up already?
• Should the landlord or agent be contacted if there are any emergencies, such as a leaking ceiling or a broken boiler?
• Do tenants have to abide by any particular restrictions, such as no pets?

3. Providing documentation

Once you’ve found somewhere you like, it’s time to look at the contract for the tenancy and provide some official documentation. This will typically mean showing:

• Official identification, such as your passport
• Proof of Spanish residency status
• Proof of your employment in Spain, such as an official letter from your employer or employment contract
• Evidence that you’re able to pay the rent, such as recent bank statements or pay slips
• Personal references from a previous landlords and/or others
• Your NIE, or foreigner tax identification number

4. Paying your deposit and first month’s rent

Once your documents have been approved to rent a property in Spain and you’re ready to progress to becoming the official tenant, you’ll be expected to make a couple of payments. First, you’ll usually be expected to pay at least your first month’s rent in advance. Depending on how cautious the landlord is, you may have to pay more than that up front.

On top of this, there will typically be a security deposit payment. This is for the landlord’s peace of mind and is there to cover the costs of unpaid bills (if they are included in your rent) and damage that may occur to the property beyond the natural wear and tear that can occur over time. For example, if a window is smashed or a coffee table is broken by you or your visitors.

The deposit amount can be up to the equivalent of one month’s rent. It must be kept secure by a deposit protection scheme run by whichever of Spain’s autonomous communities you’re moving to. If the landlord claims not to be aware of this fact, you should point out that it’s a legal obligation. In the event of any dispute over the return of the deposit at the end of your tenancy, you should consult with the autonomous community authority to see if they can help resolve the matter.

5. Things to keep in mind

With the deposit and advance rent paid and the contract signed, you’ll be ready to move in and enjoy your new abode. Here are a few extra things to know about renting a property in Spain.

• Never sign any contract or agreement with a tenant in the property who claims to be acting on behalf of the landlord.  They may be sub-letting without the landlord’s say-so.
• There’s always a risk that your landlord in Spain will try to keep your deposit, claiming that damage to the property is your responsibility. This is why it’s a good idea to take photos before you move in, paying particular attention to any existing flaws such as cracks in plaster, water damage, furniture stains, and so on.
• A long-term tenancy agreement is typically set for a year. The landlord will be legally obliged to extend this up to a maximum of five years (or seven if your landlord is a company). The exception is if your tenancy contract explicitly states that the landlord has the right to regain personal use of the property after the first year. In which case, the landlord must give you two months’ notice of their intention (or their relatives’ intention) to move in.
• When the maximum five or seven-year tenancy duration is reached, the landlord has the right to terminate your tenancy by giving at least four months’ notice.

Dual citizenship means being a legal citizen of two countries, with all the rights and responsibilities of both. If you’re considering dual citizenship, Mexico offers you the chance to reconnect with your heritage, enhance your freedom while traveling, or live and work there long-term.  Additionally, dual citizenship can provide access to better educational and healthcare opportunities in both countries. For those pondering what is dual citizenship, it allows individuals to enjoy the benefits of two nations while navigating the complexities of international laws. Embracing this status can lead to a richer, more diverse life experience.

However, many applicants raise questions about eligibility and legal implications. That’s why we’ve created this Remitly guide to help you navigate the application process. We’ll cover eligibility, benefits, and legal considerations for obtaining dual citizenship in Mexico.

Whether you’re applying through family ties, residency, or marriage, our in-depth guide will help you move forward with clarity and confidence.

Eligibility criteria for dual citizenship in Mexico

Mexico allows dual citizenship, creating opportunities for individuals with ties to the country.

Who can apply for dual citizenship?

Mexico is a multicultural hub that appeals to many expats. You can apply for dual citizenship here under one of several eligibility criteria:

• By birthright: If you’re born in Mexico, you automatically qualify for Mexican citizenship, regardless of your parents’ nationality. This also applies to those born in Mexican embassies or consulates abroad.
• By descent: If you were born outside of Mexico to at least one Mexican parent, you’re eligible for Mexican citizenship. To claim it, you may need to register your birth with Mexican authorities. This applies whether you have US citizenship or are a national from another foreign country.
• By naturalization: Foreign nationals can apply for Mexican citizenship after meeting residency requirements. You must also show language proficiency, knowledge of Mexican culture, and a clean legal record.

Understanding the requirements for naturalization

If you’re a foreign national applying for Mexican citizenship through naturalization, here are the requirements:

• Age: This path is only open to those who are 18 or older.
• Residency: You have to live in Mexico for at least five years. However, two years may be enough if you’re married to a Mexican citizen or have Latin American ancestry.
• Language proficiency: A basic understanding of the Spanish language is helpful. You can demonstrate this knowledge using a language test or show proof of past education in Spanish.
• Cultural knowledge: Knowing a bit about Mexican history, culture, and geography is essential. A short test may also be required.
• Legal requirements: You might have to show proof that you’ve been living legally in Mexico.

Now that you understand the eligibility criteria and naturalization requirements, let’s discuss the application process for obtaining dual citizenship in Mexico.

Application process for Mexican dual citizenship 

Dual citizenship applications in Mexico involve a structured process that varies depending on your eligibility pathway.

Required documentation and legal procedures

Planning to pursue dual nationality in Mexico? Here are the required documents you’ll need to provide for each pathway:

Citizenship by birthright

• Dully filled birth registration form. Download the form here.
• Mexican birth certificate.
• Parents’ government-issued ID, such as a Voter ID, passport, or Consular ID.
• Death certificate, if parents are deceased.
• Valid photo ID.
• Two passport photos. 

Citizenship by descent:

• Completed Civil Registry application, required to register your citizenship by descent.
• Your Mexican parent’s birth certificate.
• Parent’s official Mexican ID; provide the original and two copies.
• Original birth certificate showing parental relationship, plus two copies.
• Parents’ marriage certificate.
• Parent’s death certificate, if applicable.
• Valid photo IDs for you and both parents.
• Filing fee payment receipt.

Citizenship by naturalization:

• Completed application form, which you can download here.
• Mexican residency card valid for at least six months beyond the application date.
• Proof of legal residency showing you haven’t spent more than six months outside Mexico in the last two years.
• Valid passport.
• Birth certificate.
• Spanish language certificate as proof of proficiency.
• Documentation or test results proving knowledge of Mexican culture.
• Criminal record certificates from Mexican federal and local authorities, as well as from your country of origin.
• Marriage certificate, if applicable.
• Unique national ID number, locally known as CURP (Clave Única de Registro de Población).
• Payment receipt for 8,755 MXN, approximately 450 USD, as of January 2025.
• Passport-size photos.

You might also need to have any foreign documents translated into Spanish by a certified translator, and depending on your country of origin, they may need to be apostilled or legalized. Always confirm document requirements with the Mexican consulate.

Steps to follow for application

If you’re eligible by birthright:

• Step 1: Book an appointment through the MiConsulado online system to register your birth in Mexico.
• Step 2: Upload digital copies of all required documents. 

The process can take up to three hours. The first birth certificate is free if approved, but extra copies cost 374 MXN—around 19 USD, depending on the exchange rate between currencies.

• Step 3: Request a certified copy of your Mexican birth certificate from the local civil registry in the municipality where you were born or through the Mexican government portal.
• Step 3: Apply for your Mexican passport. Book an appointment with the Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores (SRE), or the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and bring all necessary documents. After submitting your application, your passport will be processed and issued.

If you’re eligible by descent:

• Step 1: Create an account on the official Mexican government website and book your Registro Civil appointment to register as a Mexican citizen.
• Step 2: Attend your appointment with all the required documents. Be ready to answer follow-up questions or provide additional clarification if needed. If your parents weren’t married when you were born or got married afterwards, they must appear in person or through a power of attorney.
• Step 3: After your application is processed and approved, you’ll receive your Mexican birth certificate, which serves as proof of your Mexican nationality. The certificate costs 256 MXN, 13 USD, while the registration fee is 532 MXN, or 27 USD. Fees are subject to change.
• Step 4: With your Mexican birth certificate in hand, schedule an appointment with the SRE to apply for a passport. Gather all required documents, including two witnesses aged 18 or older. After completing these steps, the consulate will process and issue your passport.

Citizenship by descent in Mexico has no age requirements, but children require legal guidance during the application process.

If you’re eligible by naturalization:

• Step 1: With all your documents ready, schedule an appointment via the SRE website.
• Step 2: At your appointment, you might be required to take a history test; out of ten questions, you only need eight correct answers to pass. You could also take a language test, which includes reading, writing, and a brief interview. 
• Step 3: The final step in the naturalization process is an interview with immigration officials. If approved, you’ll take an oath to the Mexican constitution during a ceremony.

You have two chances to pass the tests. If you fail both attempts, you must wait a year to retake them. 

But if your documentation is in order and you pass the tests, you could receive approval within five months. Afterward, you can apply for your Mexican passport.

Navigating the Mexican consulate

First, schedule an appointment by contacting the consulate via phone or email. Consulate officials might ask you to send scanned copies of your documents ahead of time to avoid delays.

Next, prepare for your visit by organizing all your original documents and bringing the required number of copies.

Submit your application and documents during the appointment. Afterward, watch out for follow-up emails or calls from the consulate. Processing times can vary, so be patient.

Once approved, you’ll receive proof of Mexican nationality along with your passport. At this point, you’ll enjoy the full rights and privileges of Mexican citizenship.

Benefits of having dual citizenship in Mexico

Whether you’re a US citizen looking to strengthen your connection to Mexico or you’re aiming to expand your global opportunities, dual citizenship has many benefits:

Legal and mobility advantages

As a Mexican citizen, you have the right to live, work, and study in Mexico without a visa or permits. You can also make property acquisitions, even in restricted zones like coastal areas, where foreign ownership is often limited.

Citizenship also gives you access to Mexico’s healthcare system and social benefits, which are helpful if you’re thinking about retiring there. 

Additionally, your Mexican passport boosts your global mobility. It gives you visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 158 countries, including the European Union and much of Latin America. 

Having dual citizenship also makes travelling between the US and Mexico easier, as you can choose which passport to use based on each country’s entry rules.

Economic and tax considerations

Dual citizenship can open up economic opportunities in Mexico and your home country. You can invest and start businesses in Mexico without restrictions and be eligible for local jobs.

However, you should be aware of tax implications. Mexico taxes residents on their worldwide income, but countries like the the US have tax treaties with Mexico to prevent double taxation. Consulting a tax professional familiar with both Mexico and US taxes can help you navigate these complexities.

Cultural and social opportunities

Dual citizenship lets you fully experience Mexican culture, partake in local traditions, and strengthen family ties. It also gives you access to social services and education in Mexico, which can improve your personal and professional life.

Long-term implications of dual citizenship in Mexico

Holding dual citizenship comes with responsibilities you should think about carefully.

Legal obligations and responsibilities

Dual citizens follow the laws of both Mexico and their other country. This includes paying taxes, following rules, and understanding the law in both countries. 

Failing to meet your legal obligations can lead to serious consequences, including fines, loss of rights, and even deportation. Stay informed about any changes in applicable laws, as they can impact your rights and duties in both countries.

Civic duties and limitations

Mexico requires male citizens to serve in the military. Although enforcement can vary, dual nationals must be aware of this requirement. It’s a good idea to check with Mexican authorities for any responsibilities or exemptions that may apply.

Dual citizens also have the right to vote, but some public offices are reserved for Mexican citizens by birth. As a result, naturalized citizens may be limited in holding certain government positions.

Use of passports and international travel

Mexican laws require citizens to enter and exit the country using a Mexican passport. Dual nationals may need to maintain valid passports from both countries and be aware of travel requirements and restrictions for each.

Double the opportunities

Obtaining dual citizenship in Mexico offers many exciting opportunities, from personal to cultural and even professional. However, you should fully understand the process before making an application. Using these tips will help you get started and make the most of your connection to Mexico.

FAQs

What do I need to get my Mexican dual citizenship?

To get Mexican dual citizenship, you must be eligible by birthright, descent, or naturalization. Depending on your situation, documents like your birth certificate, proof of Mexican descent, Spanish language skills, and a clean criminal record are required. You may also have to take tests to demonstrate your knowledge of Mexican culture.

What is the new law in Mexico for dual citizenship?

The latest change to Mexico’s citizenship laws allows you to hold dual nationalities without giving up your original citizenship. It clarifies that by becoming a Mexican citizen through naturalization, you can hold valid citizenship in more than one country. The new law also updates residency requirements and the application steps for those applying for Mexican citizenship through naturalization.

How much does it cost to get Mexican dual citizenship?

The cost of Mexican dual citizenship depends on how you acquire it. There are no application fees for those eligible by birthright. However, the filing fee costs 3,842 MXN—188 USD—for those eligible by descent, and 8,755 MXN—around 450 USD—for naturalization. Additional costs may include translation, apostille, and legal fees, plus appointment or processing fees at the consulate or immigration offices.

Do I have to pay taxes in Mexico as a dual citizen?

Yes. As a dual citizen living in Mexico, it’s advisable to follow Mexican tax laws. Mexico taxes its citizens, so you might need to file taxes for income earned both inside and outside the country.

How do I get a third citizenship?

Getting a third citizenship usually means meeting the legal requirements for nationality in a specific country. You can get a third citizenship via different routes, like ancestry if you have family ties to that country, marriage, investment, or naturalization. Check the laws of the country you want citizenship from, as requirements can vary widely.

How do I get permanent residency in Mexico?

To get permanent residency in Mexico, you usually need to live in the country for at least four years on a temporary residency visa. Two years might be enough if you’re married to a Mexican citizen or have Mexican children. Applicants also must provide proof of legal income, health insurance, or financial stability. Once you meet these requirements, you can apply for permanent residency through the National Institute of Migration (INM) or your Mexican consulate.

Which Latin American countries allow dual citizenship?

Many Latin American countries allow dual citizenship through birthright, descent, or naturalization. US citizens or nationals of other countries can apply for dual citizenship in states like Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Uruguay.